Churn



(No Model.)

J. T. MARK.

GHURN. No. 462,568. Patented Nov. 3, 1891.

Fig.7.

h "I T I B d L I INVENTOR: %7

A rromvs s NITED STATES PATENT Urrrca,

JOHN T. MARK, OF STRAWN, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO FRANK BUCHER, OFHARTFORD, KANSAS.

CHURN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 462,568, dated November3, 1891.

Application filed March 21. 1891. Serial No. 386,163. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN T. MARK, of Strawn, in the county of Coffey andState of Kansas, have invented a new and useful 5 Churn, of which thefollowing is a full, clear,

and exact description.

This invention relates to an improvement in barrel-churns, andparticularly to that class wherein the churn-body is rotated upon trunonions, the object being to provide a device of the type indicated, whichwill be of simple construction and efficient in action, and will alfordmeans for the quick removal and re placement of the interior parts forcleansing and other purposes.

To these ends my invention consists in the construction and combinationof parts, as is hereinafter described, and specifically pointed out inthe claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming apart ofthis specification, in which similar letters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in both the figures.

Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of the device complete, and Fig.2 is a view of the crieam-agitator removed from the churn-barre ThebodyA of the churn is preferably made in barrel form, but is notrestricted to such a shape, as it may also be given the form of arectangular box and work efficiently. The churn-bodyA is mounted upon asupportingframe 13 free to rotate on its transverse axis by theengagement of the oppositely-project- 5 ing trunnions a with boxes Z) onthe tops of the frame-standards, said trunnions having a secureattachment upon the churn-body near itslongitudinal center. There is aremovable head 0 provided for the churn-body A, which is secured inplace so as to form a liquid-tight joint therewith, any suitablesecuring device being utilized which may be preferred. The end wall d ofthe churn-body opposite the removable head 0 is made integral with said5 body.

Upon one of the trunnions a a crank-handle e is affixed at its outerend, affording means to rotate the churn-body A in the direction of itslongitudinal axis, and thus dash the contents of the same from one endtoward the other end of the cream-chamber orchurn-body.

The parts described are not of a novel form, the invention consisting inthe construction of the cream-agitator. The cream-agitatorG is composedof a series of thin rings g, which are of a suitable breadth and aresuccessively diminished in diameter from each end ring to the centerring. Preferably the rings g are secured one to the other concentricallyby bracket-plates h, which are attached by their end portions, so as toretain the rings separated a short distance from each other, leaving agap between each pair of connected rings to permit air and liquid topass freely through the dasher, striking on the edges of the rings whenthe churn is operated. As will be seen in Fig. 1, the concentricarrangement of the dasher-rings g and their regular decrease in diameterfrom the end rings to the junctional center ring affords a skeletonstructure having an intercellular space,which has a series of annularchannels of communication with regard to the spacer; that surrounds theagitator. The dimensions of the agitator C should be such as compared tothe length and diameter of the churn-body A at its ends that the endrings of the agitator will loosely fit against the interior surface ofthe churn-body, so as to avoid objectionable rattle laterally orlongitudinally when the device is in use and at the same time allow theagitator to he slid endwise through the opening when the head 0 isdisplaced for such a purpose.

In operation the cream in proper quantity is introduced within thechurn-body A and the head 0 secured in place by any preferred means. Arotation of the device in either direction will cause the mass of liquidto dash against the free ends of the rings 9 and be broken up intosheets which pass through the spaces between the rings and impinge uponthe edges of the opposite set of rings, thus carrying the containedcream through the coufined air in the churn, quickly breaking up thebutter globules and releasing the butter. After the butter isgranulated, which is speedily effected with but little labor, it can begathered into a mass by alternate oscillations of the churn slowly inopposite directions. hen the churning is completed, the head 0 should beremoved and the agitator withdrawn, when the butter and buttermilk canbe readily removed from the churn-body. By the return of the agitator CWithin the churnbody the introduction of hot water and subsequentattachment of the head 0 the churn- I body and agitator can becompletely cleansed in a shorttime if the device is rotated on the Iframe B. I

rying diameter, said rings being one above the other edgewise,substantially as set forth.

- 2. A hollow churn-dasher formed of a series of spacedconcentrieally-connected rings and increasing in dianiter from itscenter to its ends, substantially as set forth. Having thus described myinvention, What- I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is'

1. A tubular barrel-churn dasher open at both ends and comprising aseries of spaced I JOHN '1. MARK.

\Vitnesses:

J No. W. STRATTON, W. J. BROGAN.

concentric connected band-like rings g of V21-

